Saacadaha dhabta ah-PCF8563T/F4,118

Qalabka saacadaha dhabta ah ee loo yaqaan 'Real Time Clocks chip' waa mid ka mid ah qalabka elektaroonigga ah ee loogu isticmaalka badan yahay nolol maalmeedka.Waxay siisaa dadka waqtiga saxda ah ee saxda ah, ama nidaamyada elektiroonigga ah si ay u bixiyaan tixraac waqti sax ah, Chips-yada Saacadaha Real Time inta badan waxay isticmaalaan oscillator-ka saxda ah ee saxda ah sida isha saacadda.Qaar ka mid ah jajabyada saacadaha si ay korontada ugu weyni u hooseyso, laakiin sidoo kale way shaqeyn kartaa, baahida loo qabo koronto dheeri ah.

1).Alaabooyinka hore ee RTC
Alaabooyinka hore ee RTC asal ahaan waa kala qaybiyayaal soo noqnoqda oo leh deked isgaarsiineed.Waxa ay heshaa macluumaadka wakhtiga sida sanadka,bilaha,maalinta,saacadaha,daqiiqada iyo labaad iyada oo qaybisa oo ururisa inta jeer ee uu soo saaro crystal-ka una soo dirto processor-ka si uu uga habeeyo dekeda isgaadhsiinta ee kombayutarka.
Tilmaamaha RTC ee muddadan waa sida soo socota: dekedda isbarbardhigga ee xariiqda kontoroolka;isticmaalka tamarta weyn;iyadoo la isticmaalayo habka caadiga ah ee CMOS;baakadu waa khad labanlaab ah;Chip guud ahaan ma laha kalandarka daa'imka ah iyo sanadka boodboodka iyo bilaha shaqada beddelka tooska ah ee RTC casriga ahi leeyahay, mana xamili karo dhibaatada sanadka 2000.Hadda waa la tirtiray.
2).Alaabooyinka muddada-dhexe ee RTC
Bartamihii 1990-meeyadii, jiil cusub oo RTC ah ayaa soo baxay, kaas oo adeegsada habka CMOS ee gaarka ah;isticmaalka korontada si weyn ayaa loo dhimay, oo leh qiime caadi ah oo ku saabsan 0.5μA ama ka yar;korantada korontada waa 1.4V ama ka yar;iyo dekedda isgaarsiinta kombuyuutarku waxay sidoo kale noqotay qaab taxane ah, sida saddex-fiil SIO / afar silig SPI, qaar ka mid ah alaabooyinka isticmaalaya baska 2-siliga I2C;baakooyinka SOP/SSOP, mugga Xirmadu waxay qabataa baakadda SOP/SSOP, cabbirkuna aad buu u yaraaday;
Shaqaynta: heerka sirdoonka-chip-ka ayaa si aad ah u kordhay, oo leh shaqo kalandarka joogtada ah, xakamaynta wax-soo-saarka ayaa sidoo kale noqotey mid dabacsan oo kala duwan.Waxaa ka mid ah, Japan RICOH bilaabay RTC ayaa xitaa ka soo muuqday wakhtiga saldhigga software tuning function (TTF) iyo oscillator joojinta shaqada ogaanshaha tooska ah iyo qiimaha chip aad buu u hooseeyaa.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, chips-yadan waxaa isticmaalay macaamiishu tiro badan.
3).Jiilkii ugu dambeeyay ee alaabta RTC
Jiilkii ugu dambeeyay ee alaabta RTC, marka lagu daro ka kooban dhammaan hawlaha jiilka labaad ee alaabta, ayaa sidoo kale ku daray hawlo isku dhafan, sida ogaanshaha korantada hoose, shaqada beddelka batteriga ee muhiimka ah, shaqada daadinta guddiga daabacaadda, iyo xirmada lafteeda. wuu ka yar yahay (dhererka 0.85mm, bedka kaliya 2mm * 2mm).

Khaladaadka wakhtiga dhabta ah ee saacada dhabta ahi waxa uu inta badan ka yimaadaa chip-ka saacada ee cilada soo noqnoqda crystal, iyo cilada inta jeer ee crystal inta badan waxaa sabab u ah isbedel heerkulka sababay.Sidaa darteed, heerkulka celceliska resonant crystal ee qaladka ay keentay magdhowga waxtarka leh ayaa fure u ah hagaajinta saxnaanta saacadda.Habka magdhowga qaladka soo noqnoqda ee quartz crystal resonant waxa uu ku salaysan yahay qaladka la og yahay ee inta jeer ee resonant crystal isbedbedelka heerkulka, si ay u abuuraan 1Hz qaybinta tirada jeer ee habka magdhow sax ah.
Shaqada ugu muhiimsan ee RTC waa in ay bixiso hawlaha kalandarka ilaa 2099, wakhti, iyada oo aan loo eegin sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ama gaabis u yahay qaladku, iyo capacitor ku habboon ayaa kaalin aad u muhiim ah ka ciyaara qalabka durugsan ee RTC, waxay si sax ah u sixi kartaa dhibka isku midka ah ee u dhexeeya crystal iyo RTC.